Type 1 diabetes mellitus: relevance of the problem; a comprehensive approach to addressing issues related to prevention and effective measures to avert the development of the disease in children born to mothers with type 1 diabetes
Larysa KUPRIIANOVA
The problem of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) remains relevant due to the constantly increasing incidence, the development of complications that lead to loss of work capacity and disability of the population, and due to the high mortality rate in all age groups. Modern literature presents studies on the leading issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical and morphological manifestations of type 1 DM, but there is still no established concept of a comprehensive approach that affects the quality of diagnostic and preventive measures.To identify the main risk groups for type 1 diabetes and to propose a comprehensive approach to predicting and preventing the development of this disease in children born to mothers with type 1 diabetes. The study material constitutes the data from medical charts of the development of children from 0 to 16 years old who were born to mothers with type 1 diabetes.Anamnestic, statistical.Data from medical records of children aged 0 to 16 years were analyzed in order to compare the developmental characteristics and nature of morbidity in children born to healthy mothers compared to children born to mothers with type 1 diabetes.It was found that children born to mothers with type 1 diabetes are more likely to suffer from chronic diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; in 45 percent of observations, additional instrumental methods of research showed the presence of disorders of the immune system. Every second child was classified as a 2nd or 3rd health group due to the chronicity of the process. In 10 percent of children, clinical manifestations of type 1 diabetes mellitus occurred, in 25 percent – transient hyperglycemia was observed.Considering the aforementioned data, it is crucial to classify children born to women with type 1 diabetes mellitus as ones at risk for the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus, as well as the development of chronic pathologies of the cardiovascular, immune and respiratory systems. Accordingly, such children require additional research and medical examinations for the purpose of prevention, timely detection and treatment in order to prevent the development of chronic pathologies and disability in the future.
