Brazil is currently facing a smoking paradox, which some authors attributed to a decrease in the consumption of traditional cigarettes and an increase in the use of electronic cigarettes.Using data collected by COVITEL in 2022, describe the prevalence of smoking indicators and the use of electronic smoking devices among individuals residing in the Southeast region of Brazil.Covitel is a nationwide survey representative of Brazil and the five major regions of the country: the Midwest, Northeast, North, Southeast, and South. The conclusions provide an illustration of how significant the main risk factors for Non-Transmissible Chronic Diseases (NTCDs) are in the adult population aged 18 or olderSmoking was more prevalent among men and individuals aged 25 to 34 years. In terms of skin color, black or brown individuals reported a higher frequency of tobacco use. Between different education levels, those with less education (0 to 8 years) had a significantly higher frequency of tobacco use, which was three times higher than those with more education prior to the pandemic. Men, young people (18 to 24 years old), black and brown individuals, and those with higher education had a more elevated prevalence of hookah and electronic cigarette use.This study highlights the importance of implementing public policies that focus on improving and broadening healthcare services. It emphasizes the importance of conducting research to review tobacco control policies and initiate discussions on the regulation of electronic cigarettes.Men, young people (18 to 24 years old), black and brown individuals, and those with higher education had a more elevated prevalence of hookah and electronic cigarette use.