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Septic Shock Secondary to Acute Cholecystitis Managed with Percutaneous Cholecystostomy: A Case Report

Rosa Maria GONZÁLEZ LÓPEZ, Paolo Augusto ROMERO MERINO, Carmen DE SANTIAGO GONZÁLEZ and Ayeiza Maria FELIPE LEMES

Septic shock originating from abdominal infections is a life-threatening emergency requiring rapid diagnosis,fluid resuscitation,and source control.Primary care professionals often identify early warning symptoms and coordinate transfer to emergency services.This case demonstrates the central role of primary care in early recognition,referral,and longitudinal follow-up of a patient who developed septic shock due to acute cholecystitis,ultimately requiring percutaneous cholecystostomy.A 63-year-old man with type 2 diabetes,dyslipidemia,chronic kidney disease,and history of myocardial infarction presented to his primary care center with 12 hours of epigastric pain, fever, diaphoresis, and progressive hypotension.Examination revealed a positive Murphy sign and systolic blood pressure of 73 mmHg despite fluid resuscitation. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis with neutrophilia, markedly elevated lipase, CRP , and procalcitonin.CT imaging revealed gallbladder wall thickening,pericholecystic fluid,and inflammatory changes consistent with acute cholecystitis. The patient was admitted to the ICU in septic shock requiring norepinephrine and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Surgery deemed him unstable for cholecystectomy; therefore, interventional radiology performed percutaneous cholecystostomy for source control.Bile cultures grew E.coli and Clostridium perfringens,guiding antibiotic adjustments.Gradually, vasopressor needs decreased,renal function improved,and the patient tolerated oral intake.Follow-up imaging confirmed catheter patency and resolution of inflammation.He was discharged with outpatient follow-up in internal medicine and primary care.This case highlights a rare combination of acute cholecystitis complicated by severe septic shock,extreme lipase elevation without pancreatitis,and successful stabilization using percutaneous cholecystostomy when surgical intervention was contraindicated.Primary care plays a critical role in early recognition of septic shock,rapid referral,and coordination of care.Early imaging,prompt sepsis management,and interdisciplinary cooperation improved outcomes.Future practice may incorporate clearer referral pathways and early POCUS use in primary care to expedite diagnosis.Primary care clinicians are often responsible for distinguishing self-limited symptoms from early signs of severe infection. In this case , the family physician played a huge role identifying red flags such as persistent hypotension,diaphoresis and fever prompting early referral and fluid resuscitation.The case also highlights the potential role of POCUS in primary care. Bed side ultrasound could have expedited recognition of biliary pathology and fluid collection, reducing time to source control.This case emphasizes timely recognition,coordinated management,and continuity of care as essential components for improving outcomes in severe abdominal sepsis.