Objectives: The current investigation sought to evaluate the impact of a 24-week squat exercise regimen on body composition and muscle oxygenation among overweight and obese older adults, with particular emphasis on outcomes related to sarcopenia.A prospective case series involved overweight and obese older adults performing body-weight squats three times a week for 24 weeks. Body composition measures, including skeletal muscle index (SMI), fat mass, and limb lean mass, were taken via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and after the intervention. Muscle oxygen saturation (SmO₂) was also measured using an optical sensor on the dominant leg, focusing on the vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF). Descriptive analyses reported changes as median or mean ± standard deviation values.This study offers a novel perspective on community-based exercise interventions for obese older adults living in geographically disadvantaged areas, a group rarely represented in rehabilitation research. Combining body composition analysis with non-invasive muscle oxygenation monitoring it introduces an accessible approach to evaluate physiological changes outside clinical settings.Implementing such interventions through collaboration between primary care teams and community physiotherapists could help reduce health inequalities and promote active aging. Future studies should include larger samples and long-term follow-up to validate these outcomes and guide the integration of practical exercise models into public health frameworksNine participants (6 males, 3 females; mean age 68.2 ± 3.9 years; mean BMI 32.3 ± 4.9 kg/m²) completed the intervention. From baseline to post-exercise, median changes were observed in BMI (−0.88 kg/m²), body weight (−2.0 kg), fat mass (−1.5 kg), and SMI (+0.04 kg/m²). Muscle oxygenation improved in both VL and BF muscles, with a median increase in SmO₂ of +0.8%Twenty-four weeks of regular squat exercise was associated with reductions in body fat and improved local muscle oxygenation among inactive obese older adults. These findings suggest that simple, home-based resistance exercises can enhance metabolic efficiency and functional health in elderly populations with limited access to structured rehabilitation or exercise programs