Educational Level as a Determinant of Sarcopenia in Patients Aged Over 65 Years
Elena SURDULEASA, Minerva Claudia GHINESCU
At the European level, the population is undergoing a continuous aging process. In 2021, there were approximately 215 million individuals age over 60 years, and by 2050, this number is projected to exceed 300 million. The dependency ratio (people over 65 whose pensions and health insurance depend on young contributors aged 15-64) will decrease, so that there will be approximately two contributors per pensioner, instead of three, by 2070. Sarcopenia is associated with higher incidence of falls and fractures and with the onset or worsening of chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, vascular dementia, Alzheimer’s disease.The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of sarcopenia at a primary care unit and to establish if there is a link between sarcopenia and the educational level.The qualitative prospective study was conducted in 2025 and it included 69 patiens aged over 65 years, with different pathologies. To identify the prevalence of sarcopenia were used the hand grip test, fat free body mass index (FFMI) determined by using bioelectrical impedance analysis and the 400 m walk test. Studies from the literature have proven that FFMI has a strong positive correlation with the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) and could be employed as a surrogate marker for screening in sarcopenia. Thus, this study was based on the cut-off values established by European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2, while substituting the ASMI values, for those established for the FFMI by the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.The study included 35 women and 32 men. Our findings showed that probable sarcopenia was found in 21 women and 32 men, confirmed sarcopenia in 3 women and 12 men, severe sarcopenia in 3 women and 3 men. 3 out these only had primary school studies, 2 secondary school studies and 1 went to trade school.These findings showes that sarcopenia can be related with the level of education, higher education giving more understanding of the importance of balanced meal and proper physical activity.Future research will expand the participant pool to further analyze the impact of sarcopenia.
