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Communication of safety-netting advice for acutely unwell children in urgent primary care: a scoping review

Roisin DILLON, Lisa HINTON, Ariel WANG, Woods CATHERINE, Barnes REBECCA and Anderson-Kittow REBECCA

Demand for urgent primary care services for children has risen substantially, yet the quality and safety of communication during brief, high-risk consultations is uncertain. Safety-netting advice is a tool to manage risk and includes information to support recognition of deterioration, ongoing management and when and where to seek further help. This is considered central to safe paediatric care, but its use in urgent primary care is not well described.This scoping review aims to map existing evidence on how safety-netting information is communicated for acutely unwell children in urgent primary care in order to answer the primary research question: what barriers and enablers can be identified across the literature to effective safety-netting communication in paediatric patients seeking urgent primary care.A scoping review following Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and the Arksey & O’Malley framework reported according to PRSIMA-ScR. Studies included examined communication of safety-netting or related safety information for children (<18 years), parents/caregivers and/or clinicians in urgent primary care settings (including NHS 111, GP out-of-hours and urgent treatment centres).From 4,210 records, 15 studies (1972-2023) were included, predominantly from the UK and the Netherlands, with most using qualitative methodology. Barriers to effective safety-netting included inconsistent advice, time pressure and limited continuity, mismatched expectations between clinicians and parents and difficulty assessing parental ability to act on advice. Enablers included simple, layered information, delivered in multiple formats, clear opportunities for re-contact, explicit exploration of parental expectations, validation of parental expertise and shared decision-making about what to do if things get worse.Safety-netting communication is highly valued by families but is variably and sometimes inconsistently delivered. This is shaped by system pressures and differing expectations of risk management, responsibility and reassurance Current evidence is largely descripted and there is very limited exploration of children’s perspectives or expectations of care.Safety-netting communication for acutely unwell children in urgent primary care is central to perceived safety and reassurance but remains inconsistent in practice. Primary care teams could improve this experience by adopting brief, structured safety-netting providing clear written or visual materials and explicitly addressing parental expectations and need for reassurance.