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Atypical Presentation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Dilated Myocarditis Leading to Stroke

Jane PUNGUIL

This case highlights a rare instance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae–associated myocarditis and cardiomyopathy leading to a cardioembolic stroke in a young adult, emphasizing the need to consider extrapulmonary infection effects and underlying heart disease when evaluating stroke in young patients.A retrospective descriptive review of electronic medical records was performed, extracting clinical, diagnostic data and available media. Documenting al in a standardized case report format.This case is original because it presents a rare combination of Mycoplasma pneumoniae–associated myocarditis, newly diagnosed LV non-compaction, and cardioembolic stroke in a young adult—an uncommon intersection that highlights a unique diagnostic challenge and offers important insights for evaluating stroke in young patients.This case emphasizes the importance of broad cardiac evaluation in young stroke patients, as infections like Mycoplasma pneumoniae can trigger severe myocarditis and reveal underlying LV non-compaction. Early cardiac imaging, awareness of infection-related cardiac injury, and coordinated multidisciplinary care are key to preventing recurrent embolic events and sudden cardiac death.This case illustrates a rare presentation of cardioembolic stroke in a young adult caused by severe non-ischemic cardiomyopathy due to left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC), likely unmasked or exacerbated by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and concurrent viral infections. While M. pneumoniae typically causes mild respiratory illness, it can lead to myocarditis and significant cardiac dysfunction. The patient’s severely reduced ejection fraction predisposed him to thromboembolism, resulting in stroke. This case highlights the importance of early cardiac evaluation in young stroke patients, considering both structural heart disease and infection-related cardiac injury, and underscores the need for multidisciplinary management, including anticoagulation, heart failure therapy, and arrhythmia prevention, to reduce the risk of recurrent embolic events and sudden cardiac death.This case illustrates a rare but critical cause of stroke in young adults, left ventricular non-compaction, potentially triggered or unmasked by M. pneumoniae-associated myocarditis. The combination of neurological symptoms, respiratory illness, and cardiac dysfunction underscores the need for early cardiac imaging and infectious workup in young stroke patients. Prompt recognition and multidisciplinary management are key to optimizing outcomes.