Suicide is a major cause of death worldwide. Psychosocial skills (PSS) are defined along three axes: emotional (self-esteem, coping), cognitive (impulsivity, critical thinking, and constructive decision-making), and social (empathy, communication). Studies have already shown that poor adaptation and low self-esteem are linked to an increased risk of suicidal events in young people. The assessment of PSS in the adult population is understudied.To evaluate and compare PSS between three groups: patients with history of suicide attempt (SA), with suicidal risk (SR), and no risk of suicide (NR).Multicenter cross-sectional comparative study. We used a validated score that explored four dimensions: emotional, cognitive, social, and assertiveness. To achieve sufficient statistical power, 150 interviews (50 per group) were required. All results were derived from univariate, multivariate, and factorial analyses, using Stata® software (version 15, StataCorp, College Station, USA).Patients of SA and SR groups had lower emotional skills score than patients without sucidal risk suicide (respectively 3.9 ± 1.2, et 3.6 ± 1.5 vs 5.3 ± 0.9), (p<0.01). We compared skills by gender men had better emotional skills (4.7±1.2 vs 4±1,4, p= 0.008) and women better social skills (6±0.9 vs 5,6±1, p= 0.001), with no difference in cognitive skills or assertiveness. More precarious living conditions, depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem were observed in the SA and SR groups than in patients with no risk. Through the various analyses, we therefore highlighted that the profiles of suicidal and suicidal patients were quite comparable and distinct from the profile of patients without a history of suicidality.The study's strengths lie in the absence of missing data, as each included patient completed the entire questionnaire, and in the method of assessing cognitive behavioral skills (CPS) using a standardized and validated questionnaire. The study's weaknesses may include reporting bias, recall bias, and self-assessment bias.The prospects for this study are to promote the screening of dysfunctions in PSS among at-risk patients: the most vulnerable among the vulnerable. Causality will need to be studied, but programs to strengthen emotional skills could mitigate the risk of suicide.

Globally and locally in the XXXXX, there is a growing geriatric population with numerous health problems. Depressive symptoms are common health issues among older adults, but are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Suicidality is tied to depressive symptoms and its factors overlapping with one another. Past pandemics have demonstrated negative effects on mental health, with the COVID-19 pandemic severely affecting the elderly who are most vulnerable and may persist after the pandemic.This study aims to determine the personal and family characteristics that contribute to the development of depressive symptoms and suicidality among the XXXXX geriatric population in the community setting after the COVID-19 pandemic.A cross-sectional study was done, where 160 participants were interviewed and screened for depressive symptoms and suicidality using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Colombia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSR-S), while factors for these were analyzed through simple and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results showed nearly half of participants had depressive symptoms (45.63%), which were frequently documented as minimal (38.13%) and mild (6.25%). Only 3.75% were found to have some risk for suicidality. Higher educational attainment [OR 0.54, CI 0.34-0.88, p-value 0.013] and higher Family APGAR scores [OR 0.60, CI 0.46-0.79, p-value 0.0] were found to decrease the likelihood of depressive symptoms, while certain comorbid illnesses [OR 3.48, CI 1.57-7.75, p-value 0.002] increased it. Higher Family APGAR Scores [OR 0.66, CI 0.52-0.83, p-value 0.0] and higher functionality in ADLs [OR 0.07, CI 0.006-0.81, p-value 0.033] decreased likelihood for suicidality.This study showed that minimal and depressive symptoms are commonly encountered, but studies showed that subsyndromal depression can have negative implications to health in older adults. Suicidality, despite only a small number identified, is important to be assessed alongside depressive symptoms. Several factors can contribute to the likelihood of developing depressive symptoms and suicidality, with higher family functionality emphasized as a consistent factor that reduces these.Depressive symptoms and suicidality are health problems that are essential to examine by clinicians in older adults, where primary care is best positioned to detect and intervene these early, as well as the personal and family factors that can influence them.

Despite recommendations encouraging SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment) in primary care, initiating a discussion about addictive disorders remains challenging. Current guidelines do not specify how to deal with addictive disorders, even though patients expect them to do soThe aim of this study is to explore the acceptability to patients of fifteen questions asked by their primary care professionals to address addictive disorders.Cross-sectional quantitative study conducted among patients addicted or not, from waiting rooms at GPs' offices or peer support group meetings as Alcoholics Anonymous, between January and May 2025. Fifteen questions selected from validated tests, translated and reformulated according to health literacy principles, were distributed via an online questionnaire (EVALandGo®). Each participant rated the level of acceptability in receiving them on a Likert scale (1 to 4). Participants were invited to choose their preferred question. A bonified means, incorporating the frequency of preferences, was used to establish the final ranking.A total of 131 patients responded and identified the following as the most appropriate questions: “Have you ever tried unsuccessfully to reduce or stop a consumption or a behavior? “ (bonified mean = 4,73), “Have you ever had an irresistible craving to consume or do something?” (4,43) and “Do you need a substance or behavior to relax, feel better, or cope?" (4,40). The less popular question was "Do your relatives have a problem with your relationships?" (2,91).Knowing the formulations that are acceptable to patients could empower caregivers to initiate discussions. But the test-retest reliability and the impact on the frequency of start talking about addiction in consultation by primary care professionnals helped by these questions have to be evaluate.By comparing the results of the same study conducted among primary care professionals, the top-2 best questions identified as most suitable to help primary care professionals address addictive disorders are: “Have you ever tried unsuccessfully to reduce or stop a consumption or a behavior? “and “Do you need a substance or behavior to relax, feel better, or cope?”

Patients with depressive symptoms consult the general practitioner’s (GP) office often primarily. we performed an observational study on diagnosis and treatment of depression in primary care (BEBOP Depression) as one of four use-cases testing the new infrastructure of the German general practice–based research network Forschungspraxennetz Baden-Württemberg (FoPraNet-BW).To describe diagnostic and treatment patterns for patients with depression in primary care using the quality indicators (DMP-QI) of the upcoming national disease-management-program for depression and to examine associations between practice- and patient-characteristics and three indicator areas.This exploratory cross-sectional-analysis used data from patients in participating GP-practices. Eligible patients had depression (ICD-10 F32, F33) and at least four GP-consultations for depression within the previous two years. Patients who declined research-data-processing were excluded. Potential participants were contacted by trained GP-practice-staff (research team) according to a randomized presentation sequence. After informed consent, the research team entered the data into the electronic case-report-form. Practice characteristics stemmed from basic questionnaires answered by all FoPraNet-BW-practices.  Statistical analyses covered binary logistic regressions to examine the associations between the outcomes therapy according to severity, improvement of symptoms and documentation of suicidality with practice- and patient-characteristics. Missing data were addressed using multiple imputation in R Version 4.4.2.420 datasets out of 55 practices were included. 30 (54.5%) solo and 25 (46.4%) group practices from urban and rural sites participated. Patients’ mean age was 54.3 (SD 16.19) years, 285 (67.9%) patients were female, and 194 (46.2%) patients did not consult a psychiatrist. Significant associations were found between therapy according to severity and psychiatric co-care (odds ratio (OR) 5.37,95%-CI1.97-14.67,p-value0.001) and a practice’s patient volume of 1,500-2,500 compared to 500-1,000 patients per practice (OR 0.28,95%-CI0.09-0.92,p-value0.035). Improvement of symptoms was associated with the number of antidepressants (OR 0.76,95%-CI 0.59-0.97,p-value0.028) and waiting time for further therapy (OR 0.38,95%-CI0.21-0.67,p-value < 0.001). Documentation of suicidality was associated with being widowed (OR 2.74,95%-CI1.23-6.08,p-value0.014), the number of antidepressants (OR 1.27,95%-CI1.02-1.58,p-value0.036) and psychotherapeutic co-treatment (OR2.13,95%-CI1.35-3.35,p-value 0.001).Results highlight everyday-care. DMP-QI can only partly be fulfilled and are associated with practice- and patient-characteristics.Further research into relevant and feasible quality improvements in depression care is required.

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) frequently coincide, tend to reinforce each other, and their co‑occurrence therefore requires a specific management approach. Indeed, a treatment that addresses one disorder without taking the other into account can lead to treatment failures and complicates the patient’s care pathway. It therefore appears important to identify early and within the scope of what primary care can realistically provide, the co-occurence of a SAD and a SUD.This literature review aims to identify the characteristics of the presence of SAD, associated with SUD, to improve detection in primary care. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases, leading to the selection of 26 articles. This study follows the recommendations of the PRISMA guidelines.  SAD precedes SUD in most cases, with a peak onset during adolescence. In adulthood however, SUD takes precedence. Two subtypes of SAD are distinguished : the avoidant or generalized subtype, predominantly female, is associated with substance use to reduce negative emotions (coping). The performance-only or “motivated approach” subtype, more common in men, uses substances for social conformity reasons and increase positive affect. Anticipatory anxiety, the use of “false safety behaviors” and the context of consumption appears as important indicators to detect as well as the failure of a treatment targeting only one of the disorders. The characteristics identified are heterogeneous in nature. To make them usable for detection in primary‑care medicine, we propose two optimized algorithms allowing a faster first-line screening. Although the predictive values of the highlighted characteristics are unknown and the studies do not cover all the types of populations, this work is the first to synthesize screening elements for SAD co‑occurring with a SUD for use in primary care practice. These findings suggest the possibility of targeted detection in primary care according to age, based on the context of consumption, specific motivations, and behaviors. Integrating a sequence of simple questions during clinical interviews could enable more efficient detection, thus adapting primary care to facilitate referral to integrated treatment (SAD and SUD), offering a better functional and somatic prognosis.

Based on litereture, social anxiety is the most significant predictor of deliberate self-harm, with depression and general anxiety having lower associations.Deliberate bodily harm without suicidal intent, has become a growing concern among young adults and adolescents. This study aims to explore the determinants of non-suicidal self-injury ((NSSI) and its correlation with psychological distress and mobile phone addiction (MPA) among university students in Jordan.A quantitative cross-sectional study targeting university students in Jordan. The data was collected using a semi-structured online questionnaire that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, mobile phone addiction, depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts and NSSI. SPSS 30 was used for descriptive and multivariate analysis. Spearman’s correlation, Chi-square, Kruskal- Wallis and Man-Whitney U were applied. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors of significant NSSI.Out of 394 students, 63.2% reported at least one self-harm behavior, while the remaining students scored zero on the Self Harm Inventory (SHI). Significant self-harm, defined as SHI > 5, was reported by 20.56% of participants. Higher levels of anxiety and depression were strongly associated with increased NSSI severity (p < .001). Depression was a strong predictor of significant self-harm ( p < .001, OR = 1.209). Participants who reported experiencing negative or traumatic events during childhood, or having a family member with a psychological disorder, were significantly more likely to fall into the higher-risk NSSI category (p < .001).Self-injury serves as an emotion-regulation strategy that temporarily alleviates negative affect in students with high internal distress. Our results aligns with prior evidence that individuals with depressive symptoms often use self-injury to relieve psychological pain.This study demonstrated a high prevalence of NSSI among the study participants that was strongly associated with psychological distress and dysfunctional family environment, which may provide insight into its etiology and has implications for early identification and intervention.

Family physicians frequently encounter transient symptoms embedded in psychosocial stressors, making early diagnostic decisions particularly challenging. A 31-year-old man presented with brief neurological complaints during a period of major life changes (fatherhood), illustrating the tension between person-centred interpretation and vigilance for organic disease in young adults. the patient with no vascular risk factors presented to his family physician in a community clinic after experiencing brief neurological symptoms earlier that morning. The symptoms had largely resolved by time of assessment and the initial working hypothesis was stress-related. a focused neurological examination revealed mild cranial-nerve asymmetry. This unexpected finding prompted immediate referral to the emergency department. In the ED, initial workup and evaluation were inconclusive. Brain MRI later demonstrated a subacute infarction in the left middle cerebral artery territory. Major etiologies were excluded, and extended testing is ongoing. The patient was started on a secondary prevention regimen and returned to primary care for ongoing management which includes coordination of investigations, lifestyle counseling, and psychosocial support as the patient processes the diagnosis.Maintaining an open diagnostic mindset and revisiting assumptions are essential in ambiguous presentations. Family physicians are uniquely positioned to identify subtle warning signs and communicate diagnostic uncertainty. Reflection on cognitive bias and structured evaluation of young patients can both enhance clinical reasoning and patient safety.The case illustrates a common cognitive trap in family medicine: bias influenced by psychosocial context. Recognizing and naming these biases can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient safety. Integrating cognitive-bias reflection into medical education may strengthen diagnostic reasoning skills across primary care.Even in young, healthy patients with plausible psychosocial explanations, vigilance for neurological red flags remains essential. Reflective practice around diagnostic reasoning can transform such cases into powerful learning experiences for clinicians.