As stated byThe Worl Health Organization in 2020, physical activity is a huge health determinant. It contributes to prevent and to manage several non communicable diseased such as cardio-vascular diseases, diabetes or cancers that are responsible for more than hlaf of deaths in the world.   Sustainable promotion of physical activity remains a major challenge for populations and health systems. Primary care is the first contact of health systems for most individuals and in charge of comprehensive and continuous care. Litterature is scarce on how much primary professionals may impact physical activity of their patients.Main : to systematically review litterature of the effectiveness of physical activity promotion interventions on patients' physical activity adherence in primary care. Secondary : to identify associated factors to effectiveness.A systematic review is being conducted to analyse peer-reviewed articles on interventional comparative studies evaluating patients' adherence to physical activity after interventions in primary care. Pubmed, PsychInfo, Cochrane, EBSCO, Cairn and Web of science databases were explored from 2000 using research equations. Articles are being included if they report original studies focusing on physical activity promotion interventions for adult patients by primary care professionals in comparison to a control group and if they report outcomes related to patients' adherence. Selection of the articles is being made independently by two researchers, using Covidence. Included articles will be assesed for their methodological quality before extracting and synthesizing data. Effectiveness of interventions will be described, as well as clinicans-related, organizations-related and policy-related factors associated to effectiveness (micro, meso, and macro levels).In total, 1043 were identified by the litterature search. Selction of the article will be completed soon. Final results will be available before the WONCA congress.Results will be presented in regards to litterature including qualitative studies, and discussed with the congress audience including professionals, researchers and other stakeholders.Deeper understanding on effectiveness of, and factors associated to, physical activity promotion interventions in primary care is needed to inform decision-making, and adapt clinical activities, profesionnal organizations and health policies, and finally improve population health.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) represents a major global public health challenge, traditionally regarded as a progressive condition requiring lifelong management. In recent years, however, a growing body of scientific literature has examined the possibility of achieving remission through intensive lifestyle modification. As interest in non-pharmacological strategies increases, synthesizing existing evidence is essential to understanding the potential and limitations of lifestyle-based diabetes reversal.This literature review aims to gather, analyze, and organize scientific evidence regarding the role of lifestyle interventions in achieving T2D remission. The review focuses on two core components: (1) the effectiveness of dietary, physical activity, and behavioral interventions; and (2) the biological mechanisms underlying remissionA narrative approach was used to review peer-reviewed scientific literature, published clinical practice guidelines, and review articles across different databases.Across the literature, substantial evidence supports the potential of lifestyle interventions to induce remission in T2D. Studies evaluating very-low-calorie diets, low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diets, and whole-food plant-based eating patterns report remission rates ranging from 30% to over 60% in the first year. Weight loss, particularly reductions ≥10–15% of body weight, consistently emerges as the strongest predictor of remission, primarily through reductions in liver and pancreatic fat and improvements in insulin sensitivity. Physical activity is shown to enhance metabolic function and support weight maintenance, though it is rarely sufficient alone. Behavioral strategies such as ongoing coaching, structured follow-up, and group support are widely reported as essential components for adherence and sustained remission.Literature consistently demonstrates that T2D possesses metabolic reversibility when targeted with intensive, structured lifestyle intervention. However, gaps remain regarding long-term sustainability, heterogeneous remission definitions, and barriers related to socioeconomic and cultural contexts.This review highlights strong evidence that lifestyle modification can achieve T2D remission. Integrating these findings into clinical practice and public health strategies may shift diabetes management toward a remission-oriented model, although further research is needed to strengthen long-term evidence and implementation strategies.

Lifestyle-related conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain highly prevalent despite growing awareness of the importance of healthy behaviours. In Dutch primary care, lifestyle counselling is routinely embedded in cardiovascular risk management, yet healthcare professionals (HCPs) face increasing time pressure that limits opportunities for personalised lifestyle support. The LifestyleChecklist was developed to structure lifestyle conversations by exploring patients’ experiences, motivations, and barriers to support the HCPs, but little is known about how the tool is perceived by both patients and HCPs.To explore how patients and HCPs perceive the LifestyleChecklist in the context of primary care management of CVD and/or T2DM, and to identify facilitators and barriers to its implementation for delivering tailored lifestyle support.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with HCPs and patients Interviews guides were based on the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research and interviews were analysed inductively following Braun and Clarke’s principles for thematic analysis.Seven patients and nine HCPs were interviewed, three overarching themes emerged. First, the LifestyleChecklist shifted consultation dynamics by enabling more reflective, personalised, and context-driven lifestyle discussions, strengthening therapeutic relationships, enhancing patient insight, and promoting shared decision-making. Second, logistical challenges formed the main barriers: LifestyleChecklist was not consistently completed in advance and often requires additional explanation since misinterpretation could increase time pressure within already complex consultations. Third, the LifestyleChecklist supported professional development among HCPs by revealing knowledge gaps and increasing awareness of the multidimensional aspects of lifestyle factors, thereby enhancing competence and confidence in lifestyle counselling.The LifestyleChecklist can enhance lifestyle consultations within the limited time available by fostering deeper contextual understanding, promoting patient engagement, and supporting HCP skill development. However, its added value depends on adequate explanation, sufficient consultation time, and thoughtful integration into existing workflows. Training may further facilitate successful implementation.The LifestyleChecklist offers a promising means to strengthen personalised lifestyle counselling in primary care for patients with CVD and T2DM. Its effectiveness relies on careful integration and appropriate support for both patients and HCPs. Further research should examine its impact on long-term lifestyle outcomes.

Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours—including physical inactivity, smoking and obesity—are major contributors to preventable morbidity and mortality across the world and in Europe. Socioeconomic inequalities strongly influence individual’s ability to adopt healthy behaviours. Despite this, large-scale, harmonised cross-country comparisons covering a wide European region and multiple time points remain scarce. This study addresses this gap by analysing two waves of European health data across 32 countries.To quantify income-related inequalities in physical inactivity, smoking and obesity across European countries, and to assess whether these inequalities changed between waves of the European Health Interview Survey(EHIS).We conducted a cross-sectional study using nationally representative data from 32 European countries participating in EHIS2 (2013–2015) and EHIS3 (2018–2020). Data from the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Turkey were incorporated following harmonisation procedures. Adults aged ≥15 years were included. Outcomes were physical inactivity (WHO-aligned indicators), current smoking, and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²). Household equivalised-income (quintiles) was the exposure variable. Adjusted prevalence ratios and Relative Index of Inequality (RII) values were estimated using Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex. Temporal stability was assessed by comparing RII patterns across survey waves.Clear income-related inequalities were observed for the three outcomes. Countries tended to maintain similar inequality patterns across EHIS2 and EHIS3, indicating limited change over time. Western and Northern European countries—including the United Kingdom, Belgium, France and the Netherlands—showed the largest inequalities, with several RII values frequently exceeding 2. In contrast, multiple Eastern and Southern European countries (e.g., Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia) exhibited weaker or inconsistent gradients. Smoking and obesity systematically displayed the highest inequality levels across countries, with marked gradients that persisted in both survey waves. Country-level correlations of RII values between EHIS waves were high, suggesting stable and persistent inequality structures across Europe.Income-related inequalities in key lifestyle behaviours remain substantial across Europe. Smoking and obesity are consistently more prevalent among lower-income groups, and inequalities in physical inactivity persist despite ongoing public health efforts.Income-related inequalities in lifestyle behaviours are pervasive across Europe and stable over time. Policies addressing the structural and contextual determinants of health are needed to reduce these gaps.

Diet quality and physical activity are modifiable lifestyle factors associated with depressive symptoms, yet their combined effects remain poorly understood. This study examined the joint association of diet quality, measured using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), and total energy expenditure (EE) with depressive symptoms in adults.We analyzed data from 18,807 adults aged ≥20 years from the the KNHANES. Diet quality (low vs. high KHEI) and total EE (low vs. high) were categorized. Depressive symptoms were defined as a PHQ-9 score ≥10. Logistic regression models estimated ORs adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and chronic disease status. Sex- and age-stratified analyses were conducted.Participants with both low KHEI and low EE had significantly higher odds of depressive symptoms compared with those with high KHEI and high EE. Elevated risks were also observed for the high KHEI/low EE and low KHEI/high EE groups. In sexstratified analyses, poor diet quality remained associated with depressive symptoms in women regardless of EE, whereas in men the association was evident primarily in the low KHEI/low EE group. Age-stratified analyses showed the strongest combined effect among middle-aged adults. Young adults demonstrated increased risk with low KHEI even at higher EE levels, while older adults were particularly sensitive to low EE.Our results align with previous national evidence showing that higher adherence to the KHEI is associated with a lower burden of depressive or psychological symptoms in adults, particularly among women. Age-related patterns also suggest that younger adults may require targeted support to improve fundamental dietary behaviors, while older adults may benefit more from interventions aimed at maintaining adequate physical activity. Incorporating such demographic nuances into public health strategies could enhance the effectiveness of lifestyle-based depression prevention efforts.This study examined the joint association of diet quality, measured using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), and total energy expenditure (EE) with depressive symptoms in adults.