Smoking cessation services face the challenge of vaping being perceived as “not smoking,” a misconception for which youth lungs pay the price and which drives EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping product use–associated lung injury).To map and synthesize the existing evidence on youth vaping–related EVALI with a primary care and family medicine perspective.A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines used an AI-based platform to analyze recent, diverse evidence on EVALI. Searches in 3 database yielded 519 records, with 71 English-language studies from 2019 to 2025 included. These studies, comprising observational, clinical, epidemiological, review, and case series reports, focused on EVALI outcomes in adolescents and adults using e-cigarettes or vaping products. Study selection employed systematic Boolean search strategies, and results were synthesized descriptively and thematically.Publication numbers peaked in 2020 (n = 30) and 2021 (n = 17) before declining after 2022.The evidence base was largely driven by public health institutions, led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (n = 11), medicine (n = 7), and pediatrics (n = 7), while general practice was minimally represented (n = 1). The mean number of authors per publication was 8.03 ± 7.47 (IQR: 7), reflecting predominantly large, multi-author research teams.Thematic analysis identified eight major themes. The dominant theme was exposure to ENDS and vaping, including nicotine and THC/cannabis use and inhalational exposure to chemical constituents such as vitamin E acetate. Clinical presentation and disease severity ranged from acute lung injury and ARDS to hypoxia, ICU admission, prolonged hospitalization, and mortality. Diagnostic imaging frequently reported chest CT findings, particularly ground-glass opacities, with bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage used in selected cases. Additional themes included outbreak-driven epidemiology, adolescents and young adults as key risk groups, diagnostic overlap with COVID-19, psychosocial influences on vaping behaviors, and treatment strategies primarily based on supportive care and corticosteroids.EVALI represents a missed prevention opportunity rather than solely a tertiary-care diagnosis, highlighting the critical role of family medicine in early identification through routine vaping assessment in adolescents."Ask" smoking. "Advise" cessation. "Assess" clearly.  Prevent EVALI  in primary care.

Invasive pneumococcal infections, with mortality rates reaching up to 30%, are particularly severe in elderly with comorbidities people. Vaccination is essential but vaccination coverage remains low.The objectives of this study were to estimate pneumococcal vaccination coverage among at-risk adults for invasive pneumococcal infections in the XXX area following the new vaccination recommendations; to identify factors associated with vaccination; to assess knowledge about pneumococcus; and describe barriers and facilitators to vaccination.This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted using questionnaires administered to patients attending five general practices in the XXX area.Of 300 questionnaires collected, 257 were analyzed. Vaccination coverage was estimated at 30.7% and significantly increased with risk level: from 16.7% in adults aged 65 years and older without comorbidities to 43.8% for immunocompromised patients (p = 0.002). Patients with autoimmune or chronic inflammatory diseases were the best vaccinated (53.5%) and represented the only subgroup that showed a statistically significant association with vaccination (p < 0.001). Higher education levels and influenza vaccination were also associated with an increased likelihood of pneumococcal vaccination. Adequate knowledge about pneumococcus doubled this likelihood. The main barriers identified were lack of information (44.4%) and absence of a vaccine recommendation from a doctor (28.7%). Medical advice was the main facilitator (72.8%).The vaccination coverage in our study is higher than the national rate, this may be explained by the recent simplification of the vaccination schedule. In countries that were already vaccinating based on age criteria regardless of comorbidities, vaccination coverage among seniors is higher than elsewhere. As reported in the literature, vaccination coverage varies according to comorbidities. The level of knowledge regarding pneumococcus and vaccine is a major determinant of vaccination. Trust in the doctor is a key factor, the lack of knowledge about pneumococcus and patients’ desire to be better informed, suggests a combined intervention targeting both patients and physicians.Pneumococcal vaccination coverage remains insufficient in the XXX area, particularly among elderly patients without comorbidities, despite recent simplification of the vaccination schedule. Our results highlight the need to increase awareness among patients and physicians. Keywords: pneumococcus, pneumococcal vaccination, vaccination coverage, adult, knowledge

Meningococcal B infections are rare but serious and mainly affect children under 1 year. In April 2022, in France, the High Authority of Health (HAS) recommended a vaccination for infants.  Before, this vaccination wasn't in vaccination calendar and without reimboursement  by collectivity.Our study aim to analyse the impact of HAS recommandation about the number of under 2 years children vaccinated. We also analyse the presribers speciality and social inequality before and after the HAS recommandation.We made a descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study of meningococcal B vaccine delivered to children under 23 months of age included in our region from January 1st 2017 to December 31th 2024. This study was performed using a database from the National Health Data System.180274 patients were included in our study. The number of patients who received a meningococcal B vaccine from 2017 to april 2021 (9051) increased from 0.29% to 3.96% of the population. For those under 12 months of age, the percentage increased from 0.11% to 6.34%. After april 2021, 171223 patients received this vaccination. The part of chilren vaccinated increased to 80% of the population. Prescribers were 80% pediatrics practionners before 2021, General Practitionners (GPs) became first prescribers after. The poputation with social dificulty increase from 2% to 21% after the HAS recommandation.We observed an increase in the delivery of meningococcal B vaccine to children under 2 years of age especially when the calendar change in 2022. Our study show that GPs are the first spéciality for precribi,g when the HAS change her recommandation. Social deprivation population have a better vaccination oppotunities after the HAS recommandation and GPs implication.Our study show that HAS recommandation have a great impact on vaccination coverage. GPs have a great importance for population prevention including in pediatric activity. GPs increase prevention in social precariousness population.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. It can be prevented through human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, available since 2006. Over the last twenty years, numerous studies have focused on the socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors associated with this vaccination. However, no study has described the evolution of vaccination prevalence concerning these different factors.To describe HPV vaccination coverage concerning individual and environmental socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with women eligible for this vaccination in high-income countries.A systematic literature review analyzed the PubMed, Embase, WebOfScience, and Google Scholar databases. Included studies were published between 01/01/2006 and 03/14/2024. Their primary outcome was required to be the evaluation of vaccination coverage, and the secondary outcome the evaluation of associated socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors. Articles were selected after successive reading of titles, abstracts, and then full texts. Charts representing the evolution of vaccination prevalence were created when data permitted.61 articles from twelve different countries were included. Overall vaccination coverage has increased over time. Differences in vaccination prevalence persisted over time, not only between countries but also within countries. Higher vaccination coverage was notably observed in young girls who were up-to-date with their other vaccinations, had recently consulted primary care, were born in the study country, had parents also born in the same country, and had a mother regularly participating in cervical cancer screening. Conversely, discordant results were highlighted across countries concerning household income level, socioeconomic status, parental education level, parental marital status, the deprivation index of the area of residence, and its degree of urbanization.Strengths include rigorous methodology and novel trend analysis; limitations involve data heterogeneity, and the observational nature of studies.The WHO vaccination coverage targets for 2030 are still far from being reached, particularly in France. It appears essential to implement additional measures to promote vaccination and combat vaccine hesitancy to reduce the social gradient found in our study. Furthermore, it is imperative to learn from countries to achieve the highest vaccination coverage, such as Norway. The method of vaccine delivery within the school system could be beneficial if adopted by more countries.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus that causes STIs and cervical cancer. The latest vaccinal recommendations call for young boys to be vaccinated, and in XXX, the coverage target of 80% in 2030 has not been achieved. We wanted to study the knowledge of young boys and their parents on this subject.The main objective was to assess the knowledge of young boys and their parents about HPV and vaccination in the XXX.  The secondary objectives were to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the young boys and their parents and to search a link between these characteristics and the level of knowledge about HPV and vaccination.This is a quantitative, observational, descriptive, multicenter study carried out in the XXX. Two different questionnaires were developed, one for boys and the other for their parent, which included three main sections: general socioeconomic information, questions about HPV, and HPV vaccination. We established a knowledge score based on the responses received. Questionnaires were sent to volunteer doctors, recruited by phone or direct contact. After completing the questionnaire, participants received a form with the answers.104 boy/parent matched questionnaires were included in our study. There was a significant difference between the knowledge of young boys and their parents concerning HPV and vaccination. A very weakly positive and significant correlation was observed between the percentage of correct answers of young boys and their parents. Young boys' knowledge score about HPV and vaccination was significantly correlated with vaccine intentionality.Lack of knowledge on essential points. Parents' knowledge is better than that of young boys, who are the final decision-makers when it comes to vaccination. Our study has several strengths : a diversified perspective depending on the different types and locations of practice, a fairly large sample of target audience along with their close parent. The information sheet distributed at the end of each completed questionnaire allowed for the proposal of preventive measures.Link established between the knowledge of young boys and their parents suggests the importance of prevention and the information provided about HPV and vaccination by GPs and other media.

Migrants experience persistent disparities in health access and outcomes, notably in immunization, due to vulnerabilities from interrupted vaccination in origin countries, inconsistent schedules, and marginalization within host systems. In Europe, they face challenges shaped by cultural, structural, and experiential factors that differ from native-born populations.This systematic review aimed to synthesize qualitative and quantitative evidence on vaccine hesitancy among migrant populations in Europe.Eight databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, ERIC, and Cochrane Library) were searched for primary studies published in English or French between January 2000 and December 2024. References from relevant non-primary studies were hand-searched. This review followed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for mixed-methods systematic reviews. Eligible studies explored vaccine hesitancy among migrant populations in Europe. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). No studies were excluded based on quality, but MMAT scores informed interpretation. Data extraction used JBI’s Mixed Methods Data Extraction Form, and synthesis followed a convergent integrated approach.Forty-six studies were included (20 qualitative and 26 quantitative). Evidence was synthesized under seven integrated findings: (1) acculturation, (2) distrust in authorities, (3) health literacy, (4) informal information networks, (5) sociocultural determinants, (6) sociodemographic characteristics and (7) vaccine-specific perceptions. No studies were excluded based on quality, but MMAT scores informed interpretation.This review shows that vaccine hesitancy among migrants reflects the combined influence of origin-country beliefs, host-country norms and migration experiences. Persistent cultural attitudes, context-dependent acculturation and regional differences shaped perceptions of risk and safety. Gendered constraints, low health literacy and language barriers limited informed decision-making and encouraged reliance on informal and transnational networks where misinformation can spread. Institutional mistrust, rooted in repeated experiences of exclusion, further contributed to hesitancy.Vaccine hesitancy among migrants arises from intersecting cultural, structural and migration-related factors that influence trust and information access. Community-led and culturally adapted strategies using trusted messengers show promise for improving confidence. Priorities for research include longitudinal and participatory designs, broader inclusion of understudied groups and examination of gendered dynamics and transnational information flows, along with evaluations of structural and policy interventions.

Prevention and treatment of addictions in the family medicine settingAlcohol consumption and binge drinking represent a public health problem. The study investigates young people's perception of the harm caused by alcohol consumption, evaluating correlations with binge drinking, and analyses prevalence, patterns, and related risky behaviors.The study involved 106 young people, 59 males and 47 females, aged 18-30 (53.8% aged 25-30 and 46.2% aged 18-24). Participants were administered an anonymous multiple-choice questionnaire consisting of two parts: one examining habits, knowledge, and risk perception, and one regarding general information, following the AUDIT questionnaire, sponsored and recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The main alcohol-related risk behaviors analyzed were: drunkorexia, drunk driving, alcohol-related road accidents, and episodes of violence/self-harm.The survey highlighted high alcohol consumption, which has spread through binge drinking. Most young people demonstrate a lack of awareness of the risks associated with alcohol consumption, persisting in risky behaviors such as drunk driving.Despite European and WHO policies and a decline in the incidence among young people, the early onset of alcohol consumption increases the risk of abuse and dependence, with physical and behavioral consequences.The results suggest the need to increase awareness of alcohol-related problems adopting prevention strategies.