In XXX, contraception, legalized in 1967, was rapidly medicalized and predominantly assigned to women. Initially perceived as an emancipatory advancement, contraception became embedded in a “contraceptive norm” assigning near-exclusive responsibility to women.This study aims to explore and model men’s perceptions of the contraceptive burden and their involvement within heterosexual couples, in order to improve physician–patient communication in primary care.This qualitative study was informed by grounded theory methodology. Adult male participants were recruited from primary care practices in north XXX. Interviews were semi-structured guided by an iterative interview guide, and continued until data saturation. Interviews were recorded, fully transcribed, and analyzed using Excel software. A total of 12 adult men were interviewed, with a mean age of 39 years and a mean interview duration of 25 minutes. Seventy percent of the data were triangulated.Men acknowledged the existence of costs, constraints, and tasks, defining the concept of “contraceptive burden.” Four interrelated dimensions were identified: cognitive or mental (anticipation, information seeking), bodily (physical and psychological side effects), organizational or logistical (scheduling appointments, allocating time), and financial (out-of-pocket expenses for consultations and contraceptive methods, or indirect costs).Four male profiles emerged: distant men (low involvement), fluctuating men (involvement varying across relationships), relational men (long-term engagement), and individualistic men (seeking personal control).This study addresses a rarely explored gender inequality in medicine using an appropriate qualitative methodology. Its limitations include self-reporting bias and the absence of users of innovative male contraceptive methods.The findings highlight the central role of the general practitioner in promoting male responsibility and supporting couple balance regarding the contraceptive burden, particularly through dedicated consultations.